Synonyms used to describe this third dimension of existence are spirit and mind. These words are easy to use because they represent untouchable and invisible forms. However, the mind is used in reference to intelligence while the spirit represents deeper feelings and the humanistic form. Biology, religion and metaphysics have waded into the debate at unique levels.
Religion assigns the entry of the spirit to the moment of creation. God in Genesis breathe life into the newly sculptured clay mold to bring it to life. This equated souls to life which meant that they died with the body. Because it is responsible for good and bad deeds it enjoys the rewards of eternal life and condemnation in eternal fire.
Early philosophers differed on its fate upon death. Plato thought that it only resided in the body and left at death. Aristotle claimed that it died as well and thus denying it existence afterwards. Whichever direction one takes, it is clear that they agree on existence.
When the discussion shifts to animals having or not having souls, it becomes confusing. Some theories suggest that they also have feelings and think like human beings. The fact that their life cycles are similar to that of human beings is worth noting. While they are considered less intelligent, they also display an existence beyond the physical. Could this suggest that souls are not only reserved for human beings?
Biologists in trying to understand life and death dived into the debate about souls and spirits. Their entry point is what happens so that a person can be said to be dead. They consider souls as the third dimension beyond physical existence. While physical movement and existence can be explained as impulses from the brain, the initiating factor in this regard is what puzzles them.
While the debate ranges, questions about the ownership and fate of souls arise. Religions assign ownership to gods who also allocate the souls the responsibility over morality. They claim that souls are responsible for instructing the body into doing well, enjoying pleasure and feeling guilty. As such, they differentiate humanity from animals which confirms their existence.
All theories and fields of study have confirmed that souls exist. In all their discussions, they seem to agree that it is the basic factor in human existence and directs rationale and considerate human behavior. What remains unclear is how it finds its way into the body, what role it plays and what happens when a person dies. There is therefore no doubt about its existence.
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